今天, 12bet官方研究所(JP摩根 追逐 研究所)发布了一项新研究，探讨了美国四年级学生的助学贷款支付负担.6 million American families who have been observed making student loan payments. Approximately one in four of all families, across ages and incomes, 每月至少将实得收入的11%用于助学贷款, while the typical family’s median payment is $179, or approximately five percent of take-home income. 这比他们在自付医疗费用或燃料等其他必需品上的花费还要多, according to previous JP摩根 追逐 研究所 research.

According to the New York Federal Reserve, student loan debt is the fastest growing consumer debt category in America, having doubled to $1.在过去的10年里，大约有22%的学生贷款借款人违约.

12bet官方研究所(JP摩根 追逐 研究所)的新数据显示，年轻和低收入家庭的支付负担尤为沉重. A quarter of account holders under 25 spend 16.8 percent or more of their take-home income on student loans. 对于年总收入在5万美元或以下的家庭，四分之一的家庭花费14美元.7 percent or more of their take-home income on student debt payments.

“While consensus is growing about the increasing role of student loan debt in America, 对于大多数美国人来说，关于学生贷款支付与月度财务状况的关系的数据仍然有限,” said Diana Farrell, President and CEO of the JP摩根 追逐 研究所. “通过了解这些学生贷款支付和其他财务结果之间的关系, we hope to provide policymakers, 贷款人和其他利益相关者提供有价值的信息，可以帮助制定政策，减轻美国家庭的负担.”

The new report from the JP摩根 追逐 研究所, Student Loan Payments: Evidence from 4 Million Families,的独特之处不仅在于它的样本量大，还在于它对私人和联邦学生贷款支付(包括任何费用和罚款)的可见性。, alongside income, 支出, liquid assets and other debt payments. 这使政策制定者和利益相关者能够更好地了解学生贷款债务与其他财务结果之间的关系.

Key findings from the report include:

• One in four families, across all ages and incomes, 在积极还贷的月份，他们将超过11%的实得收入用于助学贷款, 家庭在学生贷款上的支出超过了在基本必需品的关键类别上的支出, like out-of-pocket healthcare expenses and fuel.
  • 尽管不同家庭和人口群体在支付规模和负担方面存在很大差异, the typical family’s median student loan payment is $179 or 5.5 percent of take-home income in months with positive payments. 这超过了家庭在基本必需品上的花费，比如自付医疗费用和燃料, according to previous JP摩根 追逐 研究所 research.
  • Borrowers with little liquidity made up a disproportionately high share of defaults. 在我们的样本中，交易结束后流动性少于一个MPE的房主占20%，但违约占54%.
  • Student loan payments are sensitive to large income changes, 相当一部分学生贷款可能仍未完全得到收入驱动还款(IDR)计划的服务.
    • 面对失业，失业救济金的支付尤为重要. 失业后学生贷款偿还额下降7%，失业救济金到期后学生贷款偿还额下降27%, 比长期失业者减少的信用卡支出还多(17%)。, auto loans (nine percent), and mortgages (six percent) when unemployment benefits run out.
    • 在停止偿还学生贷款的家庭中，大约有30%的家庭在同一时期的实得收入中位数下降了10%或更多, 这突显了现金流动态与学生贷款支付暂停同步的程度.
• 年轻和低收入的账户持有人尤其背负着学生贷款的负担.
  • A quarter of account holder in our sample under 25 spend 16.8 percent or more of their take-home income on student loans.
  • 对于年总收入在5万美元或以下的家庭，四分之一的家庭花费14美元.7 percent or more of their take-home income on student loans.
  • 57%的助学贷款家庭的主要账户持有人年龄在45岁以下. One in four 25 to 34 year olds spend 11.在他们偿还学生贷款的月份里，学生贷款占他们实得收入的8%或更多.
  • 收入水平较高的家庭需要支付更多的学生贷款，但负担较小. In the months in which families made a positive student loan payment, among families earning less than $50,000, student loan payments represent seven percent of take-home income, compared to five percent or less for families earning more than $50,000.
• Of families actively paying multiple loans, 学生贷款持续还款的比例低于汽车贷款(10个百分点)和抵押贷款(6个百分点)。.
  • 而多贷款家庭的学生贷款支付一致性低于其他贷款支付, 这不仅仅是应付多种支付的结果:积极只支付学生贷款的家庭也会以同样的一致性支付学生贷款.
  • 54 percent of families make consistent student loan payments, while 20 percent make payments in two-thirds of months or less.

该报告利用了12bet官方研究所(JP摩根 追逐 研究所)的一项新数据资产，该资产由来自3900万个拥有12bet官方支票账户的去身份化家庭的高频金融数据组成. From this universe, the JP摩根 追逐 研究所 identified 30 million core families (i.e., 在2012-2018年期间，在大通银行账户上有大量活动的家庭), from which the sample was further narrowed to 4.6 million families that have made at least one student loan payment.